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Cataract and cataract surgery.
A cataract is a clouding of the lens in the eye that affects vision.
The lens is a clear biconvex structure located behind the pupil and helps to focus light on the retina.
In cataract, clouding of the lens reduces the amount of light that reaches the retina, causing blurred vision. The color of the lens also changes, adding a brownish tint to the image.
Cataract is most commonly related to aging, but there are many other causes. Cataract may develop as a result of other eye diseases such as glaucoma, or other health conditions such as diabetes. Radiation such as X-rays or ultraviolet light, especially UVB, can increase the risks of developing cataract. Genetic make-up also plays a significant role.
Cataracts are rare in children but do occur in the form of "congenital cataract" where babies are born with cataracts, or develop them in early childhood, often in both eyes.
Surgery is the most effective treatment for cataract. Surgery involves removing the cloudy lens and replacing it with an artificial lens. Cataract surgery is relatively simple and highly successful.
The most commonly performed cataract surgery is phacoemulsification, or phaco. In this procedure:
- A small incision is made on the side of the cornea.
- An ultrasound probe is used to emulsify the cloudy lens which is then removed by suction.
- A plastic foldable lens, called an intraocular lens or IOL, is inserted to replace the natural lens.
In case of hard cataracts that cannot be readily emulsified, a larger incision is made and the cloudy lens is removed in one piece. This procedure is called "extracapsular cataract extraction". After placement of the artificial lens, sutures will be required to close the incision.
Cataract and Cataract Surgery Animation. free medical education videos reddit | |
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| Education | Upload TimePublished on 14 Jun 2014 |
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